Adding Dual Immunotherapy to Chemoradiation for Treating Rectal Cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the field of cancer immuno-oncology.  ICIs act on cancer cells by blocking the interaction between immune checkpoint proteins on immune cells and their receptors on cancer cells.  By interfering with this connection, ICIs prevent the checkpoints from regulating, or dampening, the immune response.  This results in more sustained anti-tumor immunity.

While these approaches generate durable…